Hunterhip122

• High-speed Data
• Drivers High-speed Datacard Port Devices Scanner
• Drivers High Speed Data Card Port Devices Available
• Drivers High Speed Data Card Port Devices Gigabit

The package provides the installation files for ASIX High-Speed USB Serial Port Driver version 3.18.1.0. If the driver is already installed on your system, updating (overwrite-installing) may fix. (USB 1.1), and one for high speed (available beginning with USB 2.0). If this is the case, the third root hub is probably from the EHCI controller managing the high-speed connections, and the first and second root hubs are probably from a pair of OHCI or UHCI controllers managing the low- and full-speed connections. Reinstall Faulty Device Drivers. The problem of USB Ports not working in Windows 10 could be due to the drivers for USB Ports getting corrupted. This issue can be fixed by uninstalling all the Faulty device drivers and allowing Windows to automatically reinstall the drivers back on your computer.

1. A Quick Start for installing a USB drive is available. This solves the very common case of installing a single USB drive onto your OpenWrt device.
2. If the Quick Start doesn't address your question, you can install USB drivers manually. Background information about the different USB host controller interfaces (OHCI, UHCO, EHCI) is given in a Wikipedia article. Please refer to your device documentation to find out which USB driver version your device needs.

To install USB Drivers Manually

1. Start with refreshing the list of available packages
2. Obtain a list of already installed USB packages:

   Result:

3. Install the USB core package (all USB versions), if the previous list-output does not list it:
4. Install the USB storage package (all USB versions), if the previous list-output does not list it:
5. To install USB 1.1 drivers, first try the UHCI driver:

   If this fails with an error “No such device”, try installing the alternative OHCI driver for USB 1.1:

   Someone would have to verify this insmod uhci command as inconsistent with the installed package - ohci package vs. uhci insmod command

(to remove non-working drivers, use opkg remove. Note: If both OHCI And UHCI drivers fail, then you do not have USB 1.1)

1. To install USB 3.0 drivers:
2. To install support for UASP aka USB Attached SCSI (supported by many USB drives and drive enclosures, especially if USB 3.0. It enhances performance if it's supported by both the drive and the host controller in your device):

NOTES:

• Some devices (e.g. Asus WL-500g router, brcm47xx) additionally need the kmod-usb2 module (even though they only have an USB 1.1 controller)
• Some devices (e.g. NLSU2,LinkSys WRT54G3GV2) additionally need the following packages:

Troubleshooting USB Drivers

Diagnostics using dmesg

Most firmware images already have USB or SATA support integrated in the default profile/image, so it should not be necessary to install additional packages.
To check, if USB support in included and if connected USB devices get detected:
1. Execute dmesg in the terminal, note its output. These are “driver messages”, events related to hardware being connected/started or disconnected/shut-down.
2. Now connect your external storage device, wait a few seconds and then execute dmesg on the terminal again.
3. If USB drivers are active and your device has successfully been recognized, you will notice that additional log output has been added at the end.

Here is an example of the dmesg text about an USB device being connected and properly recognized.

If your log output does not show USB-related output like this, please check that you have the right drivers and report this as a bug in the bugtracker

Diagnostics using lsusb

Further diagnostics information about connected USB drives can be obtained, when installing the optional 'usbutils' package:

This package installs the lsusb command that will output information of the router-built in USB-hub and connected USB-devices. The following example was run on a router with a single USB port. lsusb has recognized USB 2.0 and 3.0 support on this port and a connected device consisting of an USB-to-SATA-disk-bridge from ASMedia. Since this device is listed with the same bus-ID as the 3.0 hub, the USB-harddisk obviously is connected via the USB 3.0 protocol:

The command lsusb -t reveals, if your personal combination of device, OpenWrt firmware and external USB drive supports the newer and slightly faster USB 3.0 UASP Extension (USB Attached SCSI Protocol) or the older USB 3.0 block driver:

In this example, device 3 (“Driver=uas”) is UASP-capable, while device 5 (“Driver=usb-storage”) is not.

On USB storage device problems, pay attention to the “Driver” output of lsusb -t. If it returned something like

instead of

then OpenWrt has recognized the attached USB storage device, but does not have an USB-Storage driver installed yet. In this case you will need to install USB storage drivers first:

Diagnostics using cat

If you are truly out of options, you can use cat, thanks to linux's “everything is a file” feature, you can look over usb debug information:

You can piece enough information from this output for diagnostics.

This section provides guidance concerning the careful management of USB bandwidth.

It is the responsibility of every USB client driver to minimize the USB bandwidth it uses, and return unused bandwidth to the free bandwidth pool as promptly as possible.

This section includes the following topics:

Why is my USB driver getting out of bandwidth errors?

Competition for bandwidth on the USB bus comes from multiple sources, both hardware and software, so it is difficult to predict exactly how much bandwidth will be available for a USB client driver. The USB host controller requires a certain amount of bandwidth for its operations, but the amount required depends on whether the controller is high speed or not, so it will vary from system to system. USB hubs that operate at high speed must sometimes translate transactions between high-speed upstream ports and low-speed devices downstream, and this translation process consumes bandwidth. But whether bandwidth is required for transaction translation depends on the kind of devices that are connected and the topology of the device tree.

The most serious strain on bandwidth resource usually comes from USB client drivers that monopolize bandwidth. The system allocates bandwidth on a first-come-first-serve basis. If the first USB driver loaded requests all of the available bandwidth, a USB driver that loads at a later time will not obtain any bandwidth at all for its device. When this occurs, the system cannot configure the device and fails to enumerate it. Since it is usually not apparent why the enumeration failed, this can lead to a bad user experience.

Occasionally, a client driver will exhaust the available bandwidth with a high-speed interrupt transfer. But the most common case, by far, is that of a client driver that allocates too much bandwidth for an isochronous transfer, then fails to release the bandwidth in a timely fashion. The system reserves allocated bandwidth until the driver that requested it closes its endpoint (by opening another endpoint), or the device for which the bandwidth was allocated is removed. The system does not allocate guaranteed bandwidth for bulk transfers, so bulk transfers are never the cause of enumeration failures. However, the performance of bulk transfer devices depends on how much bandwidth is allocated for devices that do periodic (isochronous and interrupt) transfers.

The USB 2.0 specification requires an isochronous device to have zero-bandwidth endpoints on its default interface setting. This ensures that no bandwidth is reserved for the device until a function driver opens a non-default interface, which, in turn, helps prevent enumeration failures caused by excessive bandwidth requests during device configuration. However, it does not prevent a client driver from allocating too much bandwidth after configuring its device, thereby preventing other devices from functioning properly.

The key to proper bandwidth management is that every USB device in the system that does isochronous transfers must offer multiple alternative (Alt) settings for each interface that contains isochronous endpoints, and client drivers must make judicious use of these Alt settings. Client drivers should begin by requesting the interface setting with the highest bandwidth. If the request fails, the client driver should request interface settings with smaller and smaller bandwidths until a request succeeds.

For instance, suppose a webcam device has the following interfaces:

Interface 0 (Default interface setting: No endpoints with nonzero isochronous bandwidth in the default setting)

Isochronous Endpoint 1: maximum packet size = 0 bytes

Isochronous Endpoint 2: maximum packet size = 0 bytes

Interface 0 Alt setting 1

Isochronous Endpoint 1: maximum packet size = 256 bytes

Isochronous Endpoint 2: maximum packet size = 256 bytes

Interface 0 Alt setting 2

Isochronous Endpoint 1: maximum packet size = 512 bytes

Isochronous Endpoint 2: maximum packet size = 512 bytes

The driver for the webcam configures the webcam to use the default interface setting when it initializes. The default setting has no isochronous bandwidth, so using the default setting during initialization avoids the danger that the webcam might fail to enumerate, because of a failed request for isochronous bandwidth.

When the client driver is ready to do an isochronous transfer, it should attempt to use Alt setting 2, because Alt setting 2 has the largest packet size. If the request fails, the driver can make a second attempt, using Alt setting 1. Since Alt setting 1 requires less bandwidth, this request might succeed, even though the first request failed. Multiple Alt settings allow the driver to make several attempts, before giving up.

After the webcam becomes idle, it can return the allocated bandwidth to the free bandwidth pool by selecting the default setting once again.

Starting with Windows Vista, users can see how much bandwidth a USB controller has allocated by checking the controller's properties in the Device Manager. Select the controller's properties then look under the Advanced tab. This reading does not indicate how much bandwidth USB hubs have allocated for transaction translation.

The Device Manager feature that reports the bandwidth usage of a USB controller does not work properly in Windows XP.

USB Transfer and Packet Sizes

This topic describes USB transfer sizes allowed in various versions of the Windows operating system.

Maximum transfer size

The maximum transfer size specifies hard-coded limits in the USB driver stack. It is possible that transfer sizes below these limits will fail because of system resource limitations. To avoid these types of failures and to ensure compatibility across all versions of Windows, avoid using large transfer sizes for USB transfers.

Note

In Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, and later versions, MaximumTransferSize member of the USBD_PIPE_INFORMATION structure is obsolete. The USB driver stack ignores the value in MaximumTransferSize for both composite and non-composite devices.

In Windows 2000, the USB driver stack initializes MaximumTransferSize to USBD_DEFAULT_MAXIMUM_TRANSFER_SIZE. A client driver can set a smaller value while configuring the device. For a composite device, the client driver for each function can only change MaximumTransferSize for pipes in the non-default interface setting.

USB transfer sizes are subject to the following limits:

Restricting the transfer size with MaximumTransferSize does not directly affect how much bandwidth a device consumes. The client driver must either change the interface setting or restrict the maximum packet size set in the MaximumPacketSize member of USBD_PIPE_INFORMATION.

Maximum packet size

The maximum packet size is defined by the wMaxPacketSize field of the endpoint descriptor. A client driver can regulate the USB packet size in a select-interface request to the device. Changing this value does not change the wMaxPacketSize on the device.

In the URB for the request is a USBD_PIPE_INFORMATION structure for the pipe. In that structure,

• Modify the MaximumPacketSize member of the USBD_PIPE_INFORMATION structure. Set it to a value less than or equal to the value of wMaxPacketSize defined in device firmware for the current interface setting.
• Set the USBD_PF_CHANGE_MAX_PACKET flag in the PipeFlags member USBD_PIPE_INFORMATION structure.

For information about selecting an interface setting, see How to Select a Configuration for a USB Device.

Maximum packet size restriction on read transfer buffers

When a client driver makes a read request, the transfer buffer must be a multiple of the maximum packet size. Even when the driver expects data less than the maximum packet size, it must still request the entire packet. When the device sends a packet less than the maximum size (a short packet), it's an indication that the transfer is complete.

Note

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On older controllers, the client driver can override the behavior. In the TransferFlags member of the data transfer URB, the client driver must set the USBD_SHORT_TRANSFER_OK flag. That flag permits the device to send packets smaller than wMaxPacketSize.

On xHCI host controllers, USBD_SHORT_TRANSFER_OK ignored for bulk and interrupt endpoints. Transfer of short packets on EHCI controllers does not result in an error condition.

On EHCI host controllers, USBD_SHORT_TRANSFER_OK is ignored for bulk and interrupt endpoints.

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On UHCI and OHCI host controllers, if USBD_SHORT_TRANSFER_OK is not set for a bulk or interrupt transfer, a short packet transfer halts the endpoint and an error code is returned for the transfer.

Delimiting write transfers with short packets

The USB driver stack driver does not impose the same restrictions on packet size, when writing to the device, that it imposes when reading from the device. Some client drivers must make frequent transmissions of small quantities of control data to manage their devices. It is impractical to restrict data transmissions to packets of uniform size in such cases. Therefore, the driver stack does not assign any special significance to packets of size less than the endpoint's maximum size during data writes. This allows a client driver to break a large transfer to the device into multiple URBs of any size less than or equal to the maximum.

High-speed Data

The driver must either end the transmission by means of a packet of less than maximum size, or delimit the end of the transmission by means of a zero-length packet. The transmission is not complete until the driver sends a packet smaller than wMaxPacketSize. If the transfer size is an exact multiple of the maximum, the driver must send a zero-length delimiting packet to explicitly terminate the transfer

Drivers High-speed Datacard Port Devices Scanner

Delimiting the data transmission with zero-length packets, as required by the USB specification, is the responsibility of the client driver. The USB driver stack does not generate these packets automatically.

Delimiting USB Data Transfers With Packets Smaller Than wMaxPacketSize

Drivers High Speed Data Card Port Devices Available

Compliant USB 2.0/1.1 drivers must transmit packets of maximum size (wMaxPacketSize) and then either end the transmission by means of a packet of less than maximum size, or delimit the end of the transmission by means of a zero-length packet. The transmission is not complete until the driver sends a packet smaller than wMaxPacketSize. If the transfer size is an exact multiple of the maximum, the driver must send a zero-length delimiting packet to explicitly terminate the transfer

Drivers High Speed Data Card Port Devices Gigabit

Delimiting the data transmission with zero-length packets, as required by the USB specification, is the responsibility of the device driver. The system USB stack will not generate these packets automatically.